Food packaging is a critical component of the food industry, ensuring that products reach consumers in a safe, fresh and attractive condition. Packaging can be made from metal – we’ve all seen lightweight aluminium foil packaging that keeps food warm – plastic, cardboard, paper and other materials.
Every food packaging company tries to minimise its impact on the environment. But to be effective, packaging must also meet a number of basic requirements to ensure the safety of the product and the health of the consumer:
1. To protect food from physical damage, microbial contamination and environmental factors such as moisture, oxygen and light, packaging must provide a secure barrier. Proper preservation helps maintain freshness, taste and nutritional value, extending the shelf life of the product and reducing food waste.
2. Packaging must be able to withstand the rigours of handling, transport and storage. This includes protection against crushing, puncturing and other forms of damage. Flexible yet strong materials are often used to balance strength with cost effectiveness.
3. Food packaging materials must be food safe and free from toxic chemicals that could leach into the product. Regulations and standards, such as those of the FDA or the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), ensure that materials are non-reactive and safe for human consumption.
4. A critical function of packaging is to block external elements such as moisture, air and odours that can lead to spoilage. Advanced barrier technologies, such as multi-layer films, help to maintain optimal conditions for perishable goods.
5. Modern consumers value convenience. Packaging should include features such as resealable closures, easy-open tabs or portion control designs to improve the user experience. Ergonomic designs also improve product accessibility and usability.
6. Regulatory requirements mandate clear labelling with essential product information. Labels should include ingredient lists, nutritional information, expiry dates, storage instructions and allergy warnings to keep consumers informed and comply with health regulations..
By addressing these aspects, food packaging effectively protects the product and provides critical information to consumers, contributing to product appeal and consumer trust.
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